Tiantai curriculum
<2024-01-23 Tue>
an ideal course on buddhism from a tiantai perspective would probably basically need to follow the rubric of the 4 teachings, trying to build up an understanding of each one as a coherent system before moving on to the next, while at the same time allocating topics thematically between them rather than going over the exact same issues from each perspective. i would want it to be an effective tour of different kinds of literature, and … i haven't thought yet about how long it would take or how it would be effectively proportioned, just thinking about what would have to be covered.
4 teachings
- (0) start with Ziporyn, Emptiness and Omnipresence, as a taster that lays out where everything is going for someone who doesn't yet have any technical knowledge.
(1) tripitaka
goal: i think having a solid base in "hinayāna" is extremely important, and people shouldn't jump to dismissing all that severance of passions when they haven't really grappled with it. the Buddha taught it for a reason!
- a selection of āgamas/nikayas. of course you start with the first ones the Buddha taught; setting in motion the wheel of dharma, non-self characteristic, fire sermon.
- some kind of secondary introduction in contemporary language. tripitaka teaching does NOT mean theravāda as a contemporary school, and it doesn't even mean "hinayāna"; it's more like Zhiyi's philosophical reconstruction of early buddhism as a system. of course he's working from the chinese āgamas, and even mahāyāna texts in which hinayāna appears as a counterpart to mahāyana; he's not working from the southern/pali tradition. but i'm kind of thinking one could take neo-early buddhist theravāda guys like Bhikkhu Anālayo as representatives of the tripitaka teaching(?). Analāyo has a couple collections of thematic essays on topics in the pali suttas which might be good to draw from. maybe intersperse sutta readings and thematic essays.
(3) separate
this is kinda the most hodgepodge of the four teachings. i think the important things to grasp are the length of the bodhisattva path, the rejection of the śrāvaka path, a little bit of mind-only, buddha-nature thought, and attempts to move beyond the two truths.
- some selection of jātakas. technically Zhiyi would probably consider these tripitaka teaching, but i think they're good here as a base for thinking about a bodhisattva's development of the perfections.
- bodhisattvabhūmi, as a representation of yogācāra and bodhisattva gradualism?
- the vimalakīrti sūtra is beloved, represents the opposition of śrāvaka and bodhisattva vehicles well, and maybe makes a good scriptural accompaniment to the bodhisattvabhūmi.
- i suppose it's probably necessary to confront yogācāra idealism directly, though it's important not to become too caught on it and end up doing chan/huayan "pure mind" stuff once you add in buddha-nature. maybe there's a good introduction to Vasubandhu and the twenty/thirty verses? maybe the chapter on yogācāra from Westerhoff's The Golden Age of Indian Buddhist Philosophy chan/huayan is actually the biggest danger out there, so it might be necessary to tackle the dispute outright by reading Evil and/or/as the Good at some point (not sure when).
- something tathāgatagarbha, probably selections of the nirvana sūtra?
- returning to madhyamaka issue on Jizang vs Zhiyi, as a segue: Yasuo Debuchi, "Non-dualism of the Two Truths: Sanlun and Tiantai on Contradictions" in What Can't be Said: Paradox and Contradiction in East Asian Thought
(4) perfect
- Ziporyn, Being and Ambiguity. i think at this point it would be good to fully cash out the perfect teaching in contemporary terms, which is what this book tries to do.
- then one can return to the scriptural basis and read the lotus sūtra
- maybe it would be good to do some kind of pre-Zhiyi reading on medieval meditation, like Chan Before Chan and/or relevant primary source(s)
- Zhiyi: finally, one should be able to tackle the mohezhiguan without losing one's bearings